Application of High-Order WENO Scheme in the CFD/FW–H Method to Predict Helicopter Rotor Blade–Vortex Interaction Tonal Noise

The accurate prediction of helicopter rotor blade–vortex interaction (BVI) noise is challenging. This paper presents an implementation the seventh-order improved weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO-Z) scheme for predicting BVI using a high-resolution numerical method based on Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes and Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings equations. WENO-Z utilized to minimize inherent dissipation reconstruction in monotone upstream-centered conservation laws (MUSCL), thereby improving wake resolution noise-prediction accuracy. three-layer dummy cell used ensure that flux at boundary maintains effectiveness flow solver acoustic validated Helishape-7A UH-1H rotor, respectively. field characteristics OLS obtained from fifth- schemes are compared with third-order MUSCL coarse fine background grids. resolution, accuracy, computational cost three compared. results show high-order WENO provides higher accuracy simulation than MUSCL, but increases substantially as grid increases. However, can predict coarser MUSCL. relatively low under same resolution.